The batteries decommissioned from electric vehicles can be repurposed as an extension model to avoid premature recycling while reducing the requirement for fresh mineral extraction, refining, or manufacturing. Whilst a well-defined and demonstrated codes of qualifications are missing that could recertify the decommissioned batteries while considering economic, safety and
environmental concerns.
 The primary objective of this study is to develop a non-destructive testing platform to evaluate the technical qualification of batteries for second life.
 The qualification test must be performed without possibility of decreasing the viability of cells for second-life.
 Likewise, the test must produce robust results under diverse testing
conditions to prevent weak cells entering the repurposing pool.
 Equally, since the volume of batteries expected to reach EoL is large and is likely to increase as penetration of EVs increases, the test must not only be accurate but also timely and economically viable.
Therefore, this work proposes a single-frequency EIS based impedance diagnostics to detect modules that have 80% SoH or higher and modules below this level. Likewise, it is intriguing to study the similarities between cell pairs forming the module in terms of inner characteristics, such as impedance spectrum which enable more accurate valuation of modules for resale or repurpose. This test can be considered as the first gateway test that can be performed once the module is received in the recycling plant to classify the battery based on the End-of-life capacity. Moreover, this test requires the EIS measurements to be collected for a narrow range of frequencies that reduces the testing time significantly to less than 1 second.